Determining the Minimum Contamination Percentage of Chicken Plasma Protein in Surimi-Based Products using Response Surface Methodology

The purpose of this research is to determine the minimum amount of plasma that could be added into surimi during the production without reducing its protein solubility, cohesiveness, and whiteness of surimi using response surface methodology (RSM) using MINITAB software version 19. The percentage of chicken plasma protein (CPP) range from 0.5 to 2.5%, (X₁, w/w) and percentage of sorbitol range from 2 to 6%, (X₂, w/w) were investigated as parameters that influence the dependent factors that were included in this analysis were protein solubility (Y₁), cohesiveness (Y₂), and whiteness (Y₃). The results shows that optimal conditions for protein solubility, cohesiveness, and whiteness of surimi were attained at a CPP concentration of 0.79% and a sorbitol concentration of 4.68%, with the predicted protein solubility around 49.09 mg/ml, cohesiveness at 0.65 and whiteness value of 75.58. The optimal protein solubility, cohesiveness, and whiteness were determined to be 46.56 mg/ml, 0.65, and 75.55 correspondingly. As there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the predicted and measured values for protein solubility, cohesiveness, and whiteness, the optimal conditions predicted by RSM can be accepted. The result presented here is useful for analysis laboratory to set lowest detection limit when detecting blood plasma in surimi-based products.