Decomposition Analysis of Pension Insurance Equity for Middle-aged and Elderly People in China: Based on CHARLS 2011-2020 Data

To understand the current situation of pension insurance participation rate and fairness among middle-aged and elderly people in China, and to explore the extent of the contribution of each influencing factor to the inequity of pension insurance participation. Based on the data from the China health and retirement longitudinal survey, the inequity and the contribution of each factor were analyzed using the concentration index and concentration index decomposition method. The participation rates of middle-aged and elderly people in old-age insurance from 2011 to 2020 were 10.54%, 81.34%, 74.20%, 89.39%, and 85.36%, respectively. The concentration indices of old-age insurance participation rates from 2011 to 2020 were 0.1648, -0.0080, - 0.0263, -0.0057 and -0.0044. economic status, region, age, residence and education are the most important contributors to the inequity in pension insurance participation among middle-aged and elderly people.