Effect of Waste Pomegranate Peels Biodiesel on Performance and Emission Analysis of Diesel Engine

The effect of conventional fuels has been investigated for its sustainable effect on the progress of power generation, the industrial sector, agriculture, and other related needs. In daily routine, the diesel engine has been identified as an essential part of the power and energy sectors. Diesel engine exhaust emissions have negatively impacted living organisms' health. Biodiesel have been identified as a sustainable fuel source that can replace traditional petroleum-based diesel fuel. The present work is to investigate using pomegranate peels to extract the pomegranate peel oil by Soxhlet apparatus and then convert it into biodiesel with the help of the transesterification process. Further, three different blending ratio mixtures with the help of pomegranate peel biodiesel (PPBD) were made on a volume basis, named PPBD 0 (FD 100%), PPBD 10 (10% biodiesel + 90% FD), and PPBD 20 (20% biodiesel + 80% FD), to check their performance and emission analysis on a single cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine. In diesel engines, the study investigated the system's performance concerning brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC). The study analyzed various emissions, including carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and nitrogen dioxide (NO_x), using a gas analyzer. The study results indicate that PPBD 20 is the most effective blending mixture in performance and emission reduction, making this fuel a potential substitute for fossil diesel.