PATHOGENETIC POINTS OF APPLICATION OF THE EFFECTS OF CERTAIN DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION

Coronaviruses are a family of RNA viruses that cause zoonotic infection. The interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with humans begins directly in the mucous membranes of the nose, larynx and bronchial tree. By inhibiting the mobility of the epithelial cilia and the death of epithelial cells, the activity of mucociliary clearance is suppressed and the virus penetrates through the mucous membrane into the peripheral blood and subsequently affects the target organs - the lungs, digestive tract, heart, kidneys, whose cells express angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2). 2 - ACE2). With the help of the S-spike protein, the SARS-CoV-2 virus binds to human receptors and enters the cell. Spike S-protein is a trimeric peaked glycoprotein, the molecule of which consists of three domains: ectodomain, membrane anchor domain, and short intracellular tail. The ectodomain consists of a receptor-binding S1 subunit and a membrane-bound S2 subunit. The S1 receptor-binding subunit contains two independent domains: N- (N-terminal domain - NTD) and C-terminal domain (C-domain - CD). The SARS-CoV-2 virus CD S protein domain is a receptor-binding domain (RBD) that recognizes the ACE2 protein as its receptor.